Introduction: The anatomical and physiological changes in the phonatory system due to aging have a major impact on voice. Widely researched parameters of voice such as fundamental frequency and the perturbation measures depend on the location of the exact pitch pulses, and it may yield unreliable results in case of a severely aperiodic voice. Aim of the Study: The present study focused on determining the cepstral characteristics of voice in healthy aging individuals. Methods: All the participants among the young adults, middle-aged adults, and old adults were required to sustain the vowel/a/. Voice samples were analyzed using Hillenbrand's Z tool software to obtain the cepstral measures. Results: Results showed that there was an increase in the cepstral measures with aging, thus suggesting that the harmonic structure of voice is not affected in healthy aged individuals. Gender also influences the cepstral measures in healthy aging population. Conclusion: The results of the present study could be used by the voice clinicians while assessing adults with voice disorders. It will also help the clinicians in delineating the age and gender differences in the vocal parameters.

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Since the introduction of lasers to laryngeal surgeries, CO ₂ laser has remained the most commonly used laser for a variety of purposes. Recently, a wide range of lasers have been developed and introduced for laryngeal surgeries with their own sets of advantages and disadvantages. The aim of this systematic review is to explore current evidence pertaining to the application of 585 nm pulsed dye laser (PDL) in the management of laryngeal disorders. The methodology involves a comprehensive analysis of pertinent data in MEDLINE. A total of 16 studies meeting the inclusion criteria are included for analysis. Most of the studies are recent and show promising results with PDL in selective group of pathologies. PDL has been used effectively in a wide range of pathologies with distinct advantages over other lasers and cold knife surgeries according to most of the studies. It has been documented as a safe and effective laser for in-office treatment.

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Background: This is a cross-sectional, observational study evaluating the coordination between respiration and swallowing in 22 healthy term neonates from birth to 4 days of age. Methods: Respiratory swallowing coordination was measured using Kay digital swallowing workstation by placing the nasal cannula at the entrance of the nares during breast feeding. Swallowing apnea duration (SAD) as well as the percentage of distribution of swallows in each respiratory phase such as mid-expiration (EE), shift from inspiration to expiration (IE), shift from expiration to inspiration (EI), and mid-inspiration (II) was evaluated. Results: Results showed that SAD in neonates is lesser than that of adults. Neonates preferentially swallowed at mid-expiratory phase which was followed by the transition among IE, EI, and the mid-inspiratory phases. The predominant respiratory swallow phase seen in neonates is same as that of adults. Conclusion: The findings of the objectives of the study gave insight about the temporal relation between respiration and swallowing in neonates and forms the basis for comparison against disordered respiratory swallowing coordination in neonates at a risk for dysphagia.

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Cough and hoarseness are common symptoms that may be encountered in general or specialist clinical practice. Hoarseness, especially when found in isolation, could have an origin other than in the airway. An important example of this is cardiovocal hoarseness. A literature review of cardiovocal hoarseness or Ortner's syndrome reveals many clinical presentations. Several case reports have been published, but none so far has put into context issues that could come in the way of diagnosis and management of such patients. Hoarseness as a symptom, when not explained by usual causes such as a preceding upper respiratory tract infection or allergy, must be expediently looked into by simple means such as an indirect laryngoscopy. If a vocal cord paralysis is evident, especially on the left side, the possibility of an underlying cardiac condition must be borne in mind. Surgical or nonsurgical intervention could resolve the problem except in cases where the patient is extremely moribund.

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